These cases require gum surgery called gingivectomy, gingivoplasty or flap surgery. In these procedures the superficial discolored layer is removed or in some cases the gums are reshaped. Also in severe gum disease and bleeding , flap or gum surgery is needed after thorough cleaning and root planing. The procedure corrects gingival recession in which gums move away from the teeth and results in exposure of the roots and severe sensitivity to hot and cold fluids and drinks.